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Abstract
Ushbu maqola kognitiv tilshunoslik nazariyasi doirasida fe’l zamonlari va olmoshlarning ma’no va funksional jihatlarini tahlil qiladi. Tilda faqat formal-grammatik shakllargina emas, balki inson ongidagi konseptual model va mental jarayonlar ham muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Zamon shakllari nafaqat harakatning o‘tgan yoki kelajakdagi sodir bo‘lish vaqtini ifodalaydi, balki gaplovchining subyektiv munosabatini, ishonch darajasini ham aks ettirishi mumkin. Olmoshlar esa shaxslararo munosabat, ijtimoiy mavqe va emosional kayfiyat kabi ko‘plab unsurlarni ifoda etuvchi konseptual birliklar sifatida qaraladi.
Maqola metodologiyasiga korpus lingvistikasi, eksperimental psixolingvistika va diskurs tahlili kiradi. Natijalarda grammatik kategoriyalar, xususan zamon va olmoshlar, kontekstga bog‘liq holda turli ma’nolar hosil qilishi ko‘rsatildi. Muxokama qismida esa kognitiv yondashuvning grammatika tahlilida tutgan o‘rni hamda usulning tadqiqot va ta’lim jarayonlaridagi ahamiyati yoritib beriladi. Shu bilan birga, maqolada til o‘qitish jarayonida kognitiv komponentni hisobga olish, grammatik shakllarning yashirin semantik qatlamlarini o‘rgatishda samarali ekani ta’kidlanadi. Bunday yondashuv til va tafakkur uyg‘unligiga chiqarish, turli ijtimoiy-madaniy omillarni inobatga olish imkonini beradi.
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